![]() ![]() | [Frontiers in Bioscience 1, a59-68, 4 October 1996] Reprints PubMed CAVEAT LECTOR |
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DELETION OF THE HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 1 INTERNAL REPEAT SEQUENCES AFFECTS PATHOGENICITY IN THE MOUSE Frank J. Jenkins1, Alyson M. Donoghue2 and John R. Martin3
1 Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, and Division of Behavioral Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Received 07/30/96; Accepted 08/27/96; On-line 10/04/96
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Roizman: The regulation of genes of herpes simplex virus: expression of chimeric genes produced by fusion of thymidine kinase with gene promoters. Cell 24, 555-65 (1981) 11. L.J. Reed and H. Muench: A simple method of estimating 50% endpoints. Amer J Hyg 27, 493-7 (1938) 12. E.S. Mocarski and B. Roizman: Site-specific inversion sequence of herpes simplex virus genome: domain and structural features. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 78, 7047-51 (1981) 13. E.S. Mocarski and B. Roizman: Structure and role of the herpes simplex virus DNA termini in inversion, circularization and generation of virion DNA. Cell 31, 89-97 (1982) 14. H.J. Field and P. Wildy: The pathogenicity of thymidine kinase-deficient mutants of herpes simplex virus in mice. J Hyg 81, 267-77 (1978) 15. Y.J. Gordon, D.M. Gilden, and Y. Becker: HSV-1 thymidine kinase promotes virulence and latency in the mouse. Invest Opthamol Vis Sci 24, 599-602 (1983) 16. R.B. Tenser and M.E. Dunstan: Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase expression in infection of the trigeminal ganglion. Virology 99, 417-22 (1979) 17. Y. Becker, J. Hadar, E. Tabor, T. Ben-Hur, I. Raibstein, A. Rosen, and G. Darai: A sequence in HpaI-P fragment of herpes simplex virus-1 DNA determines intraperitoneal virulence in mice. Virology 149, 255-9 (1986) 18. R.D. Dix, R.R. McKendall, and J.R. Baringer: Comparative neurovirulence of herpes simplex virus type 1 strains after peripheral or intracerebral inoculation of Balb/c mice. Infect Immun 40, 103-12 (1983) 19. I.W. Halliburton, R.W. Honess, and R.A. Killington: Virulence is not conserved between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Gen Virol 68, 1435-40 (1987) 20. F. Sedarati and J.G. Stevens: Biological basis for virulence of three strains of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Gen Virol 68, 2389-95 (1987) 21. B. Roizman, J. Warren, C.A. Thuning, M.S. Fanshaw, B. Norrild, and B. Meignier: Application of molecular genetics to the design of live herpes simplex virus vaccines. Proceedings of the 17th Congress on Herpes Virus of Man and Animal: Standardization of immunological procedures, Lyon France. Develop Biol Standard 52, 287-304 (1982) 22. R.N. Lausch, J.D. Lee, and J.E. Oakes: Failure of intertypic recombinant constructed from HSV-1 X HSV-2 virulent parents to induce ocular pathology. Curr Eye Res 6, 27-32 (1987) 23. J.E. Oakes, W.L. Gray, and R.N. Lausch: Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA sequences which direct spread of virus from cornea to central nervous system. Virology 150, 513-7 (1986) 24. D.E. Stephanopoulos, J.C. Kappes, and D.I. Bernstein: Enhanced in vitro reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 from latently infected guinea-pig neural tissues by 5-azacytidine. J Gen Virol 69, 1079-83 (1988) 25. D.A. Leib, D.M. Coen, C.L. Bogard, K.A. Hicks, D.R. Yager, D.M. Knipe, K.L. Tyler, and P.A. Schaffer: Immediate-early regulatory gene mutants define different stages in the establishment and reactivation of herpes simplex virus latency. J Virol 63, 759-68 (1989) 26. Y.M. Centifanto-Fitzgerald, T. Yamaguchi, H.E. Kaufman, M. Tognon, and B. Roizman: Ocular disease pattern induced by herpes simplex virus is genetically determined by a specific region of viral DNA. J Exp Med 155, 475-89 (1982) 27. R.L. Thompson, E.K. Wagner, and J.G. Stevens: Physical location of a herpes simplex virus type-1 gene functions(s) specifcally associated with 10 million-fold increase in HSV neurovirulence. Virology 131, 180-92 (1983) 28. R.L. Thompson, G.V. Devi-Rao, J.G. Stevens, and E.K. Wagner: Rescue of a herpes simplex virus type 1 neurovirulence function with a cloned DNA fragment. J Virol 55, 504-8 (1985) 29. R.L. Thompson and J.G. Stevens: Biological characterization of a herpes simplex virus intertypic recombinant which is completely and specifically non-neurovirulent. Virology 131, 171-9 (1983) 30. S.P. Day, R.N. Lausch, and J.E. Oakes: Nucleotide sequences important in DNA replication are responsible for differences in the capacity of two herpes simplex virus strains to spread from cornea to central nervous system. Curr Eye Res 6, 19-26 (1987) 31. B. Meignier, R. Longnecker, P. Mavromara-Nazos, A.E. Sears, and B. Roizman: Virulence of and establishment of latency by genetically engineered deletion mutants of herpes simplex virus 1. Virology 162, 251-4 (1988) 32. J. Harland and S.M. Brown: A herpes simplex virus type 2 variant in which a deletion across the L-S junction is replaced by single or multiple reiterations of extraneous DNA. J Gen Virol 70, 2121-37 (1989) 33. R.A.F. Dixon and P.A. Schaffer: Fine-structure mapping and functional mapping analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants in the gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early protein VP175. J Virol 36, 189-203 (1980) 34. C.M. Preston: Control of herpes simpex virus type 1 mRNA synthesis in cells infected with wild-type virus or the temperature-sensitive mutant tsK. J Virol 29, 275-84 (1979)
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