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INTERACTION OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA WITH THE ZONA PELLUCIDA OF OOCYTE: DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACROSOME REACTION
Patricio Morales1 and Miguel Llanos2
1 P. Catholic University of Chile, Faculty of Biological Sciences. P. O. Box 114-D. Santiago, Chile.
2INTA, University of Chile, P. O. Box 138-11. Santiago, Chile.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- 1. Abstract
- 2. Introduction
- 3. The zona pellucida, its composition and role during gamete interaction and fertilization
- 4. Sperm binding proteins / receptors for the zona pellucida
- 4.1. Galactosyltransferase
- 4.2. D-mannosidase
- 4.3. Protein tyrosine kinase (ZRK)
- 4.4. Lectin
- 5. Sperm binding proteins / receptors for the zona pellucida with a role in the acrosome reaction
- 6. Interaction of spermatozoa with the zona pellucida and development of the acrosome reaction
- 6.1. Physiological inducers of the acrosome reaction of human sperm
- 7. Signal transduction mechanisms and the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction
- 7.1. Gi proteins
- 7.2. Intracellular free calcium
- 7.3. Polyphosphoinositides
- 7.4. Adenylyl cyclase activity and cAMP
- 7.5. Membrane tyrosine kinases
- 8. Intracellular proteases and the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction
- 9. Cellular biology of human sperm-zona pellucida interaction
- 9.1. Modulators of sperm-zona pellucida binding
- 9.1.1. Progesterone
- 9.1.2. Fucoidin
- 9.1.3. Sialic acid
- 9.1.4. D-Mannose
- 9.1.5. Egg yolk and Milk
- 9.1.6. Placental protein 14
- 9.1.7. Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH)
- 10. Concluding Remarks
- 11. References
- 12. Entire manuscript
Keywords:Human spermatozoa, human zona pellucida, acrosome reaction, second messengers, signal transducing
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