Ahmed Shafik

Department of Surgery and Experimental Research, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Received 7/22/98 Accepted 8/20/98

6. REFERENCES

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2. J. Berkson: Electromyographic studies of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Physiol 104, 67 - 72 (1933)

3. H. Geldof, E.J. Van der Schee, M. Van Blankenstein & J.L. Grashuis: Electrogastrographic study of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with unexplained nausea and vomiting. Gut 27, 799 - 808 (1986)

4. J.C. Schang & G. Devroede: Fasting and postprandial myoelectric spiking in the human sigmoid colon. Gastroenterology 85, 1048 - 1053 (1983)

5. M. Dapoigny, J.F. Trolese, G. Bommerlae & R. Tournut: Myoelectric spiking activity of right colon, left colon and rectosigmoid of healthy humans. Dig Dis Sci 33, 1007 - 1012 (1988)

6. J. Frexinos, L. Bueno & J. Fioramonti: Diurnal changes in myoelectric spiking activity of the human colon. Gastroenterology 88, 1104 - 1110 (1985)

7. P. Kerlin, A. Zinsmeister & S. Phillips: Motor response to food of the ileum, proximal colon and distal colon of healthy humans. Gastroenterology 84, 762 - 770 (1983)

8. D. Garcia, G. Hita, B. Mompean, A. Hernandez, E. Pellicer, G. Morales & P. Parilla: Colonic motility: Electric and manometric description of mass movement. Dis Colon Rectum 34, 577 - 584 (1991)

9. G. Bassotti, A. Morelli & W.E. Whitehead: Abnormal rectosigmoid myoelectric response to eating in patients with severe idiopathic constipation (slow transit type). Dis Colon Rectum 35, 753 - 756 (1992)

10. A. Shafik: Study of the electrical and mechanical activity of the rectum. Experimental study. Eur Surg Res 26, 87 - 93 (1994)

11. A. Shafik: Study of the electromechanical activity of the rectum. II-Human study. Coloproctology 15, 215-217 (1993)

12. T.L. Abell & J.R. Malagelada: Glucogon - evoked gastric dysrhythmias in humans shown by an improved electrogastrographic technique. Gastroenterology 88, 1932-1940 (1985)

13. T.L. Abell, J.R. Malagelada, A.R. Lucas, M.L. Brown, M. Camilleri, V.L.W. Go, F. Azpiroz, C.W. Callaway, P.C. Kao, A.R. Zinsmeister & D.M. Huse: Gastric electromechanical and neurohormonal function in anorexia nervosa. Gastroenterology 93,958-965 (1987)

14. F. Pezzolla, G. Riezzo, M.A. Maselli & I. Giorgo: Gastric electric dysrhythmia following cholecystectomy in humans. Digestion 49, 134-139 (1991)

15. A. Shafik: Electrorectography in chronic constipation. World J Surg 19,772-775 (1995)

16. A. Shafik: Electrorectogram in chronic proctitis. World J Surg 17,675-679 (1993)

17. A. Shafik: Electrorectogram in the neuropathic rectum. Paraplegia 33,146-149 (1995)

18. A. Shafik, A. Nour & A. Abdel-Fattah: Transcutaneous electrorectography. Human electorectogram from surface electrodes. Digestion 56,479-482 (1995)

19. A. Shafik: Electroesophagogram in achalasia of the esophagus. Dis Esophagus 9, 210-214 (1996)

20.A.Shafik: Electrosigmoidogram, electrorectogram and their relation. Front Biosci 2, b12-16 (1997) PubMed No. 9294095

21.A.Shafik: Transcutaneous electrosigmoidography. Study of the myoelectric activity of sigmoid colon by surface electrodes. Front Biosci 1, b1-4 (1996) PubMed No. 9159196

22.A. Shafik: A study of the origin of the electric activity of the rectum. Is it neurogenic or myogenic? Spinal Cord 36, 548-553 (1998)

23. MRB. Keighley & N.S. Williams: Polyposis Syndromes. In: Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and 24. Colon. Eds: Keighley MRB & Williams NS. WB Saunders Co Ltd, London, 801-829 (1993)