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[Frontiers in Bioscience 3, d509-516, May 26, 1998] Reprints PubMed CAVEAT LECTOR |
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NATURAL SELECTION AND THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX LOCI Austin L. Hughes and Meredith Yeager Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA Received 5/11/98 Accepted 5/22/98 7. REFERENCES 1. M. Kimura: The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge (1983) 2. M. Nei: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. Columbia University Press, New York (1987) 3. A.L. Hughes, M Yeager & M. Carrington: Peptide-binding function and the paradox of HLA disease associations. Immunol Cell Biol 74, 444-448 (1996) 4. M. Kimura: Evolutionary rate at the molecular level. Nature 217, 624-626 (1968) 5. M. Kimura & T. Ohta: The average number of generations until fixation of a mutant gene in a finite population. Genetics 61, 763-771 (1969) 6. P.W. Hedrick & G. Thomson: Evidence for balancing selection at HLA. Genetics 104, 449-456 (1983) 7. L Thomas: Biological signals for self-identification. In: Progress in Immunology II. Eds: Brent L, Holborrow J, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1974) 8. M Nei & AL Hughes: Polymorphism and evolution of the major histocompatibility complex loci in mammals. In: Evolution at the Molecular Level. Eds: Selander RK, Whittam TS, Clarke AG, Sinauer, Sunderland MA (1990) 9. A.L. Hughes & M.K. Hughes: Natural selection on the peptide-binding regions of the major histocompatibility complex molecules. Immunogenetics 42, 233-243 (1995) 10. R.M. Zinkernagel & P.C. Doherty: Immunological surveillance against altered self components by sensitized T lymphocytes in lymphocytic choriomeningitis. Nature 251, 547-548 (1974) 11. J. Klein: The Natural History of the Major Histocompatbility Complex. Wiley, New York (1986) 12. P.C. Doherty & R. Zinkernagel: Enhanced immune surveillance in mice heterozygous at the H-2 gene complex. Nature 256, 50-52 (1975) 13. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Models of host-parasite interaction and MHC polymorphism. Genetics 132, 863-864 (1992) 14. H.-G. Rammensee, T. Friede & S. Stevanovic. MHC ligands and peptide motifs: first listing. Immunogenetics 41, 178-228 (1995) 15. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Pattern of nucleotide substitution at MHC class I loci reveals overdominant selection. Nature 335, 167-170 (1988) 16. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class II loci: evidence for overdominant selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86, 958-962 (1989) 17. A.L. Hughes, M.K. Hughes, C.Y. Howell & M. Nei: Natural selection at the class II major histocompatibility complex loci of mammals. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 345, 359-367 (1994) 18. T. Maruyama & M. Nei: Genetic variability maintained by mutation and overdominant selection in finite populations. Genetics 98, 441-459 (1981) 19. W.E. Mayer, D. Jonker, D. Klein, P. Ivanyi, G. van Seventer & J. Klein: Nucleotide sequence of chimpanzee MHC class I alleles: evidence for trans-species mode of evolution. EMBO J 7, 2765-2774 (1988) 20. D.A. Lawlor, F.E. Ward, P.D. Ennis, A.P. Jackson & P. Parham: HLA-A,-B polymorphisms predate the divergence of humans and chimpanzees. Nature 335, 268-271 (1988) 21. U.B. Gyllensten & H.A. Erlich. Ancient roots for polymorphism at the HLA-Dq locus in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86, 9986-9990 (1989) 22. N. Takahata & M. Nei: Allelic genealogy under overdominant and frequency-dependent selection and polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex loci. Genetics 124, 967-978 (1990) 23. N. Cereb, A.L. Hughes & S.Y. Yang: Locus-specific conservation of the HLA Class I introns by intra-locus homogenization. Immunogenetics 47, 30-36 (1997) 24. M. Nei & W.-H. Li: Non-random association between electromorphs and inversion chromosomes in finite populations. Genet Res 35, 65-83 (1980) 25. C. Strobeck: Expected linkage disequilibrium for a neutral locus linked to a chromosomal arrangement. Genetics 103, 545-555 (1983) 26. M. Kreitman & R.R. Hudson: Inferring the evolutionary histories of the Adh and Adh-dup loci in Drosophila melanogaster from patterns of polymorphism and divergence. Genetics 127, 565-582 (1991) 27. S Ohno: Evolution by Gene Duplication. Springer-Verlag, New York (1970) 28. A.L. Hughes: The evolution of functionally novel proteins after gene duplication. Proc R Soc Lond B 256, 119-124 (1994) 29. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Evolutionary relationships of the classes of major histocompatibility complex genes. Immunogenetics 37, 337-346 (1993) 30. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex:independent origin of nonclassical class I genes in different groups of mammals. Mol Biol Evol 6, 559-579 (1989) 31. A.L. Hughes & M. Nei: Evolutionary relationships of class II MHC genes in mammals. Mol Biol Evol 7, 491-514 (1990) 32. J. Klein & F. Figueroa: Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex. CRC Crit Rev Immunol 6, 295-386 (1986) 33. E.G. Pamer, C.-R. Wang, L. Flaherty, K. Fischer-Lindahl & M.J. Bevan: H-2M3 presents a Listeria monocytogenes peptide to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cell 70: 215-223 (1992) 34. D.I. Watkins, Z.W. Chen, A.L. Hughes, M.G. Evans, T.F. Tedder & N.L. Letvin: Evolution of the MHC class I genes of a New World primate from ancestral homologues of human non-classical genes. Nature 346, 60-63 (1990) 35. L.F. Cadavid, C. Shufflebotham, F.J. Ruiz, M.Yeager, A.L. Hughes & D.I. Watkins: Evolutionary instability of the major histocompatibility complex loci in New World primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 14536-14541 (1997) 36. M. Yeager, S. Kumar & A.L. Hughes: Sequence convergence in the peptide-binding region of primate and rodent MHC class Ib molecules. Mol Biol Evol 14, 1035-1041 (1997) 37. A. DeCloux, A.S. Woods, R.J. Cotter, M.J. Soloski & J. Forman: Dominance of a single peptide bound to the class Ib molecules, Qa1b. J Immunol 158, 2183-2191 (1997) 38. J. Klein & C. O’hUigin: Class II B Mhc motifs in an evolutionary perspective. Immunol Rev 143, 235-243 (1991) 39. L. Andersson, S. Sigurdardottir, C. Borsch & K. Gustafsson: Evolution of MHC polymorphism: extensive sharing of sequence motifs between human and bovine DRB alleles. A.L. Hughes, M.K. Hughes & D.I. Watkins: Contrasting roles of interallelic recombination at the HLA-A and HLA-B loci. Genetics 133, 669-680 (1993) 40. J.C. Stephens: Statistical methods of DNA sequence analysis: detection of intragenic recombination or gene conversion. Mol Biol Evol 2, 539-556 (1985) 41. S.T. McAdam, J.E. Boyson, X.Liu, T.L. Garber, A.L. Hughes, R.E. Bontrop & D.I. Watkins: A uniquely high level of recombination at the HLA-B locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91, 5893-5897 (1994) 42. M. Yeager & A.L. Hughes: Interallelic recombination has not played a major role in the history of the HLA-C locus. Immunogenetics 44, 128-133 (1996) 44. U.B. Gyllensten, M. Sundvall & H.A. Erlich: Allelic diversity is generated by intraexon sequence exchange at the DRB1 locus of primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88, 3686-3690 (1991) 45.J.X. She, S.A. Boehme, T.W. Wang, F. Bonhomme & E.K. Wakeland: Amplification of major histocompatibility complex class II gene diversity by intraexonic recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88, 453-457 (1991) 46. A.L. Hughes: Origin and evolution of HLA class I pseudogenes. Mol Biol Evol 12, 247-258 (1995) 47. D.W. Bailey & H.I. Kohn: Inherited histocompatibility changes in progeny of irradiated and unirradiated inbred mice. Genet Res 6, 330-340 (1965) 48. T. Ohta: Some models of gene conversion for treating the evolution of multigene families. Genetics 106, 517-528 (1984) 49. M. Nei, X. Gu & T. Sitnikova: Evolution by the birth-and-death process in multi-gene families of the vertebrate immune system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 7799-7809 (1997) 50. M. Nei & T. Gojobori: Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions. Mol Biol Evol 3, 418-426 (1986) 51. M. Nei & L. Jin: Variances of the average numbers of nucleotide substitutions within and between populations. Mol Biol Evol 6, 209-300 (1989) 52. N. Saitou & M. Nei: The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4, 406-425 (1987) |