




|
PHYSIOLOGIC IMPORTANCE OF PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE INHIBITORS
Carey J. Oliver and Shirish Shenolikar
Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
Received 8/14/98 Accepted 8/20/98
6. REFERENCES
- Ingebritsen, T. S.: Phosphotyrosyl-protein phosphatases. II. Identification and characterization of two heat-stable protein inhibitors. J Biol Chem 264, 7754-7759 (1989)
- Shenolikar, S.: Protein serine/threonine phosphatases-New avenues for cell regulation. Ann Rev Cell Biol 10, 55-86 (1994)
- Wera, S. & B. A. Hemmings: Protein serine/threonine phosphatases. Biochem J 311, 17-29 (1994)
- Cohen, P.: The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases. Ann Rev Biochem 58, 453-508 (1989)
- Brautigan, D. L., J. Sunwoo, J. C. Labbe, A. Fernandez & N. J. Lamb: Cell cycle oscillation of phosphatase inhibitor-2 in rat fibroblasts coincident with p34cdc2 restriction. Nature 344, 74-78 (1990)
- Gonzalez, G. A. & M. R. Montminy: Cyclic AMP stimulates somatostatin gene transcription by phosphorylation of CREB at serine 133. Cell 59, 675-680 (1989)
- Bito, H., K. Deisseroth & R. W. Tsien: CREB phosphorylation and dephosphorylation: a Ca2+- and stimulus duration-dependent switch for hippocampal gene expression. Cell 87, 1203-1214 (1996)
- Hagiwara, M., A. Alberts, P. Brindle, J. Meinkoth, J. Feramisco, T. Deng, M. Karin, S. Shenolikar & M. Montminy: Transcriptional attenuation following cAMP induction requires PP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of CREB. Cell 70, 105-113 (1992)
- Anderson, K. A., T. J. Ribar, M. Illario & A. R. Means: Defective survival and activation of thymocytes in transgenic mice expressing a catalytically inactive form of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV. Mol Endo 11, 725-737 (1997)
- Alberts, A. S., M. Montminy, S. Shenolikar & J. R. Feramisco: Expression of a peptide inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 increases phosphorylation and activity of CREB in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Mol Cell Bio 14, 4398-4407 (1994)
- Sherr, C. J.: Cancer cell cycles. Science 274, 1672-1677 (1996)
- Ludlow, J. W., C. L. Glendening, D. M. Livingston & J. A. DeCaprio: Specific enzymatic dephosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein. Mol Cell Bio 13, 367-372 (1993)
- Alberts, A. S., A. M. Thorburn, S. Shenolikar, M. C. Mumby & J. R. Feramisco: Regulation of cell cycle progression and nuclear affinity of the retinoblastoma protein by protein phosphatases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90, 388-392 (1993)
- Berndt, N., M. Dohadwala & C. W. Liu: Constitutively active protein phosphatase 1 alpha causes Rb-dependent G1 arrest in human cancer cells. Curr Biol 7, 375-386 (1997)
- Allen, P. B., Y. G. Kwon, A. C. Nairn & P. Greengard: Isolation and characterization of PNUTS, a putatitve protein phosphatase 1 nuclear targeting subunit. J Biol Chem 273, 4089-4095 (1998)
- Favre, B., S. Zolnierowicz, P. Turowski & B. A. Hemmings: The catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A is carboxyl-methylated in vivo. J Biol Chem 269, 16311-16317 (1994)
- Li, M., H. Guo & Z. Damuni: Purification and characterization of two potent heat-stable inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A from bovine kidney. Biochemistry 34, 1988-1996 (1995)
- Mulkey, R. M., S. Endo, S. Shenolikar & R. C. Malenka: Involvement of a calcineurin/inhibitor-1 phosphatase cascade in hippocampal long-term depression. Nature 369, 486-488 (1994)
- Liu, J., J. D. Farmer Jr., W. S. Lane, J. Friedman, I. Weissman & S. L. Schreiber: Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes. Cell 66, 807-815 (1991)
- Cardenas, M. E., C. Hemenway, R. S. Muir, R. Ye, D. Fiorentino & J. Heitman: Immunophilins interact with calcineurin in the absence of exogenous immunosuppressive ligands. EMBO J 13, 5944-5957 (1994)
- Lai, M. M., P. E. Burnett, H. Wolosker, S. Blackshaw & S. H. Snyders: Cain, a novel physiologic protein inhibitor of calcineurin. J Biol Chem 273, 18325-18331 (1998)
- Coghlan, V. M., B. A. Perrino, M. Howard, L. K. Langeberg, J. B. Hicks, W. M. Gallatin & J. D. Scott: Association of protein kinase A and protein phosphatase 2B with a common anchoring protein. Science 267, 108-111 (1995)
- Aramburu, J., F. Garciacozar, A. Raghavan, H. Okamura, A. Rao & P. G. Hogan: Selective inhibition of NFAT activation by a peptide spanning the calcineurin targeting site of NFAT. Mol Cell 1, 627-637 (1998)
- Huang, F. L.& W. H. Glinsmann: Seperation and characterization of two phosphorylase phosphatase inhibitors from rabbit skeletal muscle. Eur J Biochem 70, 419-426 (1976)
- Foulkes, J. G., S. J. Strada, P. J. Henderson & P. Cohen: A kinetic analysis of the effects of inhibitor-1 and inhibitor-2 on the activity of protein phosphatase-1. Eur J Biochem 132, 309-313 (1983)
- Aitken, A. & P. Cohen: Isolation and characterisation of active fragments of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 from rabbit skeletal muscle. FEBS Lett 147, 54-58 (1982)
- Endo, S., X. Zhou, J. H. Connor, B. Wang & S. Shenolikar: Multiple structural elements define the specificity of recombinant human inhibitor-1 as a protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor. Biochemistry 35, 5220-5228 (1996)
- Egloff, M. P., D. F. Johnson, G. Moorhead, P. T. Cohen, P. Cohen & D. Barford: Structural basis for the recognition of regulatory subunits by the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1. EMBO J 16, 1876-1887 (1997)
- Aitken, A., T. Bilham & P. Cohen: Complete primary structure of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 from rabbit skeletal muscle. Eur J Biochem 126, 235-246 (1982)
- Poulter, L., S. G. Ang, B. W. Gibson, D. H. Williams, C. F. Holmes, F, B, Caudwell, J. Pitcher & P. Cohen: Analysis of the in vivo phosphorylation state of rabbit skeletal muscle glycogen synthase by fast-atom-bombardment mass spectroscopy. Eur J Biochem 175, 497-510 (1988)
- Nakielny, S., D. G. Campbell & P. Cohen: The molecular mechanism by which adrenalin inhibits glycogen synthesis. Eur J Biochem 199, 713-722 (1991)
- Chan, C. P., S. J. McNall, E. G. Krebs & E. H. Fischer: Stimulation of protein phosphatase activity by insulin and growth factors in 3T3 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85, 6257-6261 (1988)
- Printen, J. A., M. J. Brady & A. R. Saltiel: PTG, a protein phosphatase 1-binding protein with a role in glycogen metabolism. Science 275, 1475-1578 (1997)
- Brady, M. J., A. C. Nairn & A. R. Saltiel: The regulation of glycogen synthase by protein phosphatase 1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Evidence for a potential role for DARPP-32 in insulin action. J Biol Chem 272, 29698-29703 (1997)
- Malinow, R., H. Schulman & R. W. Tsien: Inhibition of post-synaptic PKC or CaMKII blocks induction but not expression of LTP. Science 245, 862-866 (1989)
- Grant, S. G., T. J. O’Dell, K. A. Karl, P. L. Stein, P. Soriano & E. R. Kandel: Impaired long-term potentiation, spatial learning, and hippocampal development in fyn mutant mice. Science 258, 1903-1910 (1992)
- Blitzer, R. D., J. H. Connor, G. P. Brown, T. Wong, S. Shenolikar, R. Iyengar & E. M. Landau: Gating of CaMKII by cAMP-regulated protein phosphatase activity during LTP. Science 280, 1940-1943 (1998)
- Huchon, D., R. Ozon & J. G. Demaille: Protein phosphatase-1 is involved in Xenopus oocyte maturation. Nature 294, 358-359 (1981)
- Walker, D. H., A. A. DePaoli-Roach & J. L. Maller: Multiple roles for protein phosphatase 1 in regulating the Xenopus early embryonic cell cycle. Mol Bio Cell 3, 687-698 (1992)
- Florio, T., B. A. Perrino & P. J. Stork: Cyclic 3,5 adenosine monophosphate and cyclosporin A inhibit cellular proliferation and serine/threonine protein phosphatase activity in pituitary cells. Endocrinology 137, 4409-4418 (1996)
- Neumann, J., R. C. Gupta, W. Schmitz, H. Scholz, A. C. Nairn & A. M. Watanabe: Evidence for isoproterenol-induced phosphorylation of phosphatase inhibitor-1 in the intact heart. Circ Res 69, 1450-1457 (1991)
- Gupta, R. C., J. Neumann, A. M. Watanabe, M. Lesch & H. N. Sabbah: Evidence for the presence and hormonal regulation of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 in ventricular cardiomyocites. Am J Phys 270, 1159-1164 (1996)
- Lindemann, J. & A Watanabe: Mechanisms of adrenergic and cholinergic regulation of myocardial contractility. In: Physiology and pathology of the heart. Ed: Sperelakis N, Kluwer Academic Publishers, ME 423-452 (1989)
- Chisholm, A. A. & P. Cohen: The myosin-bound form of protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1M) is the enzyme that dephosphorylates native myosin in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Biochem et Biophys Acta 971, 163-169 (1988)
- Walaas, S. I., D. W. Aswad & P. Greengard: A dopamine- and AMP-regulated phosphoprotein enriched in dopamine-innervated brain regions. Nature 301, 69-71 (1983)
- Hemmings, H. C. Jr., J. A. Girault, A. C. Nairn, G. Bertuzzi & P. Greengard: Distribution of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 in brain and peripheral tissues of various species: comparison with DARPP-32. J Neurochem 59, 1053-1061 (1992)
- Stralfors, P., H. C. Hemmings Jr. & P. Greengard: Inhibitors of protein phosphatase-1. Inhibitor-1 of bovine adipose tissue and a dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of bovine brain are identical. Eur J Biochem 180, 143-148 (1989)
- Aperia, A., A. Bertorello & I. Seri: Dopamine causes inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activity in rat proximal convoluted tubule segments. Am J Physiol 252, F39-45 (1987)
- Snyder, G. L., J. A. Girault, J. Y. Chen, A. J. Czernik, J. W. Kebabian, J. A. Nathanson & P. Greengard: Phosphorylation of DARPP-32 and protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 in rat choroid plexus: regulation by factors other than dopamine. J Neurosci 12, 3071-3083 (1992)
- Desdouits, F., J. C. Siciliano, P. Greengard & J. A. Girault: Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein DARPP-32: phosphorylation of Ser-137 by casein kinase I inhibits dephosphorylation of Thr-34 by calcineurin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 2682-2685 (1995)
- Halpain, S., J. A. Girault & P. Greengard: Activation of NMDA receptors induces dephosphorylation of DARPP-32 in rat striatal slices. Nature 343, 369-372 (1990)
- Meister, B., J. Fryckstedt, M. Schalling, R. Cortes, T. Hokfelt, A. Aperia, H. C. Hemmings Jr., A. C. Nairn, M. Ehrlich & P. Greengard: Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32) and DA1-agonist-sensitive Na+, K+-ATPase in tubule cells of the kidney. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86, 8068-8072 (1989)
- Aperia, A., J. Fryckstedt, L. Svensson, H. C. Hemmings Jr, A. C. Nairn & P. Greengard: Phosphorylated Mr 32,000 dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein inhibits Na+, K+-ATPase activity in renal tubule cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88, 2798-2801 (1991)
- Holmes, C. F., J. Kuret, A. A. Chisholm & P. Cohen: Identification of the sites on rabbit skeletal muscle protein phosphatase inhibitor-2 phosphorylated by casein kinase-II. Biochem et Biophys Acta 870, 408-416 (1986)
- Depaoli-Roach, A. A.: Synergistic phosphorylation and activation of ATP-Mg-dependent phosphoprotein phosphatase by F A/GSK-3 and casein kinase II (PC0.7). J Biol Chem 259, 12144-12152 (1984)
- Park, I. K. & A. A. Depaoli-Roach: Domains of phosphatase inhibitor-2 involved in the control of the ATP-Mg-dependent protein phosphatase. J Biol Chem 269, 28919-28928 (1994)
- Bollen, M., A. A. DePaoli-Roach & W. Stalmans: Native cytosolic protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1S) containing modulator (inhibitor-2) is an active enzyme. FEBS Lett 344, 196-200 (1994)
- Alessi, D. R., A. J. Street, P. Cohen & P. T. W. Cohen: Inhibitor-2 functions like a chaperone to fold three expressed isoforms of mammalian protein phosphatase-1 into a conformation with the specificity and regulatory properties of the native enzyme. Eur J Biochem 213, 1055-1066 (1993)
- Mackintosh, C., A. J. Garton, A. McDonnell, D. Barford, P. T. W. Cohen, N. K. Tonks & P. Cohen: Further evidence that inhibitor-2 acts like a chaperone to fold PP1 into its native conformation. FEBS Lett 397, 235-238 (1996)
- Tung, H. Y., W. Wang & C. S. Chan: Regulation of chromosome segregation by Glc8p, a structural homolog of mammalian inhibitor 2 that functions as both an activator and an inhibitor of yeast protein phosphatase 1. Mol Cell Biol 15, 6064-6074 (1995)
- Kakinoki, Y., J. Somers & D. L. Brautigan: Multisite phosphorylation and the nuclear localization of phosphatase inhibitor 2-green fluorescent protein fusion protein during S phase of the cell growth cycle. J Biol Chem 272, 32308-32314 (1997)
- Vijayaraghavan, S., D. T. Stephens, K. Trautman, G. D. Smith, B. Khatra, E. F. da Cruz e Silva & P. Greengard: Sperm motility development in the epididymis is associated with decreased glycogen synthase kinase-3 and protein phosphatase 1 activity. Biol Reprod 54, 709-718 (1996)
- Beullens, M., A. Van Eynde, W. Stalmans & M. Bollen: The isolation of novel inhibitory polypeptides of protein phosphatase 1 from bovine thymus nuclei. J Biol Chem 267, 16538-16544 (1992)
- Van Eynde, A., S. Wera, M. Beullens, S. Torrekens, F. Van Leuven, W. Stalmans & M. Bollen: Molecular cloning of NIPP-1, a nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1, reveals homology with polypeptides involved in RNA processing. J Biol Chem 270, 28068-28074 (1995)
- Vulsteke, V., M. Beullens, E. Waelkens, W. Stalmans & M. Bollen: Properties and phosphorylation sites of baculovirus-expressed nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (NIPP-1). J Biol Chem 272, 32972-32978 (1997)
- Jagiello, I., M. Beullens, V. Vulsteke, S. Wera, B. Sohlberg, W. Stalmans, A. von Gabain & M. Bollen: NIPP-1, a nuclear inhibitory subunit of protein phosphatase-1, has RNA-binding properties. J Biol Chem 272, 22067-22071 (1997)
- Hirano, K., F. Erdodi, J. G. Patton & D. J. Hartshorne: Interaction of protein phosphatase type 1 with a splicing factor. FEBS Lett 389, 191-194 (1996)
- Beullens, M., W. Stalmans & M. Bollen: Characterization of a ribosomal inhibitory polypeptide of protein phosphatase-1 from rat liver. Eur J Biochem 239, 183-189 (1996)
- Eto, M., T. Ohmuri, M. Suzuki, K. furuya & F. Morita: A novel protein phosphatase-1 inhibitory protein potentiated by protein kinase C. Isolation from porcine aorta media and characterization. J Biochem 118, 1104-1107 (1995)
- Eto, M., S. Senba, F. Morita & M. Yazawa: Molecular cloning of a novel phosphorylation-dependent inhibitory protein of protein phosphatase-1 (CPI17) in smooth muscle: its specific localization in smooth muscle. FEBS Lett 410, 356-360 (1997)
- Li, M., A. Makkinje & Z. Damuni: Molecular identification of I1PP2A, a novel potent heat-stable inhibitor protein of protein phosphatase 2A. Biochemistry 35, 6998-7002 (1996)
- Vaesen, M., B. W. Shitsu, H. Gotz, A. A. Lewa, T. Cole, B. Zimmerman, H. D. Kratzin & N. Hilschmann: Purification and characterization of two putative HLA class II associated proteins: PHAP-1 and PHAP-II. Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler 357, 113-126 (1994)
- Li, M., A. Makkinje & Z. Damuni: The myeloid leukemia-associated protein SET is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A. J Biol Chem 271, 11059-11062 (1996)
- Beresford, P. J., C. M. Kam, J. C. Powers & J. Lieberman: Recombinant human granzyme A binds to two putative HLA-associated proteins and cleaves one of them. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 9285-9290 (1997)
- Girault, J. A., R. Raisman-Vozari, Y. Agid & P. Greengard: Striatal phosphoproteins in Parkinson disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86, 2493-2497 (1989)
- Fornerod, M., J. Boer, S. van Baal, M. Jaegle, M. von Lindern, K. G. Murti, D. Davis, J. Bonten, A. Buijs & G. Grosveld: Relocation of the carboxyterminal part of CAN from the nuclear envelope to the nucleus as a result of leukemia-specific chromosome rearrangements. Oncogene 10, 1739-1748 (1995)
- Kraemer, D., R. W. Wozniak, G. Blobel & A. Radu: The human CAN protein, a putative oncogene product associated with myeloid leukemogenesis, is a nuclear pore complex protein that faces the cytoplasm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91, 1519-1523 (1994)
- von Lindern, M., S. van Baal, J. Wiegant, A. Raap, A. Hagemeijer & G. Grosveld: Can, a putative oncogene associated with myeloid leukemogenesis, may be activated by fusion of its 3’ half to different genes: characterization of the set gene. Mol Cell Biol 12, 3346-3355 (1992)
- Miskin, J. E., C. C. Abrams, L. C. Goatley & L. K. Dixon: A viral mechanism for inhibition of the cellular phosphatase calcineurin. Science 281, 562-565 (1998)
- Hemmings, H. C. Jr., P. Greengard, H. Y. Tung m& P. Cohen: DARPP-32, a dopamine-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein, is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1. Nature 310, 503-505 (1984)
|