Mechanisms of microRNA-mediated regulation of angiogenesis
Hong Shi1,2, Peiying Li1, Weimin Liang1, Jun Chen2,3, Yanqin Gao2
1
Department of Anesthesiology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China,2State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, 3Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- 1. Abstract
- 2. Introduction
- 3. Role of angiogenesis in stroke and the molecules and proteins involved in the process
- 3.1. Role of angiogenesis in stroke
- 3.2. Molecules and proteins involved in angiogenesis after stroke
- 3.2.1. Endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cells
- 3.2.2. Molecules and proteins associated with angiogenesis
- 3.2.2.1. VEGF and its receptors
- 3.2.2.2. Angiopoietins and tie receptors
- 3.2.2.3. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1
- 3.2.2.4. Other factors in angiogenesis
- 3.3. Traditional approaches to improve stroke recovery by enhancing angiogenesis
- 4. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of angiogenesis in oncology and non-brain angiogenesis 4.1. MicroRNAs: biogenesis and mechanisms of action
- 4.2. Dicer, Drosha and angiogenesis
- 4.3. Individual microRNAs involved in oncology and non-brain angiogenesis 4.3.1. MiR-15b and -16
- 4.3.2. MiR-17-92 cluster
- 4.3.3. MiR-126
- 4.3.4. MiR-130a
- 4.3.5. MiR-210
- 4.3.6. MiR-221 and -222
- 4.3.7. Let-7f
5. Potential therapeutic options via mediating associated microRNAs after stroke
5.1. Inhibition of associated microRNAs
5.2. Over-expression of associated microRNAs
6. Summary
1. ABSTRACT
Stroke is the second most common cause of death and consumes about 2-4% of total health-care costs worldwide. Although most studies have focused on neuroprotection during the past decades, current therapeutic options are still very limited. Recently scientists have intensified their work on neurorestorative therapies, including angiogenesis, which allow a far greater time window for improving neurological recovery. MicroRNAs have emerged as crucial players, regulating almost every cellular process investigated to date, and evidence of their role in the context of angiogenesis and stroke has been rapidly accumulating. The goal of this review is to summarize the mechanisms of microRNA-mediated regulation of angiogenesis and the implications for a novel molecular approach to enhance neurological recovery after stroke.
