[Frontiers in Bioscience S4, 620-638, January 1, 2012]

Inflammation and thrombosis: new insights

Patrick A. Lester1,2, Jose A. Diaz2, Katherine A. Shuster1,2, Peter K. Henke2, Thomas W. Wakefield2, Daniel D. Myers1, 2

1Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 2Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, Section of Vascular Surgery,University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. The epidemiology of vascular thrombosis
4. Adhesion Molecules, Inflammation, and Thrombosis
4.1. Selectins
4.2. P-selectin inhibitors
4.3. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
4.4. Von Willebrand factor
5. Mediators of inflammation
6. Tissue factor
7. Microparticles and thrombogenesis
8. Inflammation and arterial thrombosis
9. Inflammation and venous thrombosis
9.1. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
10. Biomarkers for deep venous thrombosis
11. Thrombolytics
12. Mouse models of deep venous thrombosis
13. Summary
14. References

1. ABSTRACT

Vessel wall endothelial damage initiates a local inflammatory response, which promotes a prothrombotic state driven by tissue factor, adhesion molecules, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Understanding how natural inflammatory mechanisms promote a procoagulant state, may lead to the development of new pharmacological interventions targeted at thrombosis.